Indications of the x-ray

Indications of the x-ray

Author: Dr Sovereign Martin
University specialist in Oncología. Roffo institute, UBA Technical Director of the Center of X-ray for Animals of Buenos Aires (CRABA).
to msoberano@fvet.uba.ar

At the present time, the veterinarians we counted on new tools for the treatment of the cancer of our patients. To the surgery and the chemotherapy we can add to him, the external x-ray. From the first use of radiations, for the treatment of tumors in the animals (Richard Eberlein, 1906) to today, the x-ray carries out a very important roll in the local treatment of the tumors.

The x-ray and the surgery are local treatments, that is to say, its function is the one to treat to the tumor and its margins. For both therapies, previously a treatment field is defined, and is there where the therapeutic action is exerted.
Defined the treatment target, the ionizing radiations act in weaves of two ways: direct and a other hint. The direct mechanism of action makes it on the DNA, whereas the indirect phenomenon is through the formation of free radicals, with the oxygen and the water of weaves white.

In canine and feline, the x-ray is indicated in the tumors:

1. Of head and neck
2. With incomplete excéresis
3. Of round cells

1. - The tumors seated in the region of the head and the neck, are an extensive and frequent group of oncológicas pathologies. In relation to the radiosensibles tumors of the head and the neck, we can group to following neoplasias: · Brain: meningioma and hipófisis · nasal Cavity · buccal Cavity · Orofaringe · cutaneous Larynx · Neoplasias of the region: ?carcinoma of escamosas cells canine and feline?
2. - Sometimes, after surgery, the histopatológico analysis of the margins is positive. This indicates that a unknown number of tumorlike cells is in the operated region and the relapse probability is high. For it, we can complement the surgical treatment with radiations in the tumorlike bed. After healing of the wound we can radiate the field with adjuvant aims.
3. - The tumors of round cells are highly radiosensibles. This group is made up of the following tumors: · Linfoma · Mastocitoma · Histiocitoma · transmissible venereal Tumor or Sticker (TVT)
The characteristics of sensitivity of such allow a fast reduction of the tumorlike volumes. This makes possible, for example, the treatment of emergency for linfoma. In cases of serious respiratory anguish, the irradiation of the region to linfonodular affected, provides a suitable and fast lightening with the signs.
In another tumor of round cells, like the TVT, the high radiosensitivity it makes possible the ?cure? of the tumor (100% of complete answer) with a single application of 10 Gy total. To the TVT is considered it only in its type, and is object of study within the tumorlike radiobiología in the mammals.

In order to conclude, we must comment that the collateral effects of the radiations are local, that is to say, defined in the treatment field. These wished effects are not correlated with the type of plan used and defined by radioterapeuta veterinary.
The variables that is to say are: the dose by fraction (DPF), the total dose of the treatment (DTT) and the total time of treatment (TTT). In the routine planning greater collateral effects are not observed, being the inflammatory reactions superficial those that can be observed with more frequency.

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