Biopsy

A biopsy is a small fragment of an alive organism that prelevy to study it. In Medicine, the aim of a biopsy is to be able to study to the microscope the components of an organism to observe if they are normal, or if they are affected by some disease (among them the neoplásicas).

Because one studies to the microscope?
All alive being is formed by million cells. Several types of cells are organized forming a weave. The organs of our organism are formed by ordered weave mixtures (that are formed as well by cells). The cells are very small (a red globule measures 7 thousandth of millimeter) and our eye does not have the capacity to be able to see something so small.
In order to be able to study cells and weaves an image amplified by a system is needed lenses (microscope). There are many types of microscopes, from the common one that it uses light until the electron microscope. The common microscope that it is used to study the biopsies is a system of lenses that allows increases from 25 to 1000 times.

So that it serves the biopsy?
When an organ becomes ill, it is that their cells and their weaves are ill. Often these changes will not be able to be observed surely at first or need a confirmation. An ill cell will change in its aspect.
The pathologist studies to the microscope ill weaves and on the basis of the changes that he observes he will emit a diagnosis. This is particularly useful in case of the cancer and precancerous injuries to distinguish itself of injuries that are not cancer.

How takes one biposia?
It depends much on the type of injury, affected organ. In veterinary medicine due to the little collaboration in most of the cases silk to the patient and soon anesthesia locally the zone of the injury to study, soon retires part or all the injury, with a little healthy weave, that will serve as comparison. If the sample goes to Cytology it reaches with a punción and aspiration of the affected organ.
In order to obtain the weave a needle can be used (biopsy by punción), a special bistoury or clamp.
The weave is introduced in a substance (formol to 10%) that it will avoid that the present weave modifications, since once the cells are separated of our organism, they begin to have changes that finish with their destruction.

In the laboratory of Cytology they will dye the cells obtained directly and they will study them in individual, however, in the histopatología laboratory the weave is processed to obtain very thin slices (5 thousandth of millimeter) that will stick to a thin glass and they will be dyed to differentiate the components from weaves. These thin slices of organs study to the microscope.

 

Autor: MV Adelaida A. Goldman

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